Result

A Result is either Ok (a success, contains a value of type T) or Err (an error, contains an error of type E):

Result<T, E> = Ok<T> | Err<E>

Necessary imports:

import { Err, Ok, Result } from 'ts-results-es'

Construction:

const success = Ok('my username')
const error = Err('error_code')

Result can only be combined with synchronous code. Look at AsyncResult if you need to combine results with asynchronouse code.

`all()`

// The actual signature is more complicated but this should be good enough.
static all(...results: Result<T, E>): Result<T[], E>
static all(results: Result<T, E>[]): Result<T[], E>

Parse a set of Result, returning an array of all Ok values. Short circuits with the first Err found, if any.

Example:

let pizzaResult: Result<Pizza, GetPizzaError> = getPizzaSomehow();
let toppingsResult: Result<Toppings, GetToppingsError> = getToppingsSomehow();

let result = Result.all(pizzaResult, toppingsResult); // Result<[Pizza, Toppings], GetPizzaError | GetToppingsError>

let [pizza, toppings] = result.unwrap(); // pizza is a Pizza, toppings is a Toppings.  Could throw GetPizzaError or GetToppingsError.

When working with a set of results of unknown size, you can use the array version of all().

Example:

let results: Result<Topping, GetToppingsError>[] = pizzaToppingNames.map(name => getPizzaToppingByName(name));

let result = Result.all(results); // Result<Topping[], GetToppingsError>

let toppings = result.unwrap(); // toppings is an array of Topping.  Could throw GetToppingsError.

`andThen()`

andThen<T2, E2>(mapper: (val: T) => Result<T2, E2>): Result<T | T2, E | E2>

Calls mapper if the result is Ok, otherwise returns the Err value of self. This function can be used for control flow based on Result values.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.andThen((num) => new Ok(num + 1)).unwrap(); // 2
badResult.andThen((num) => new Err(new Error('2nd error'))).unwrap(); // throws Error('something went wrong')
goodResult.andThen((num) => new Err(new Error('2nd error'))).unwrap(); // throws Error('2nd error')

goodResult
    .andThen((num) => new Ok(num + 1))
    .mapErr((err) => new Error('mapped'))
    .unwrap(); // 2
badResult
    .andThen((num) => new Err(new Error('2nd error')))
    .mapErr((err) => new Error('mapped'))
    .unwrap(); // throws Error('mapped')
goodResult
    .andThen((num) => new Err(new Error('2nd error')))
    .mapErr((err) => new Error('mapped'))
    .unwrap(); // throws Error('mapped')

`any()`

// The actual signature is more complicated but this should be good enough.
static any(...results: Result<T, E>): Result<T, E[]>
static any(results: Result<T, E>[]): Result<T, E[]>

Parse a set of Result, short-circuits when an input value is Ok. If no Ok is found, returns an Err containing the collected error values.

Example:

let url1: Result<string, Error1> = attempt1();
let url2: Result<string, Error2> = attempt2();
let url3: Result<string, Error3> = attempt3();

let result = Result.any(url1, url2, url3); // Result<string, Error1 | Error2 | Error3>

let url = result.unwrap(); // At least one attempt gave us a successful url

When working with a set of results of unknown size, you can use the array version of any().

Example:

let connections: Array<Result<string, Error1 | Error2 | Error3 | ...>> = [attempt1(), attempt2(), attempt3(), ...];

let results = Result.any(connections); // Result<string, Error1 | Error2 | Error3 | ...>

let url = results.unwrap(); // At least one attempt gave us a successful url

`partition()`

// The actual signature is more complicated but this should be good enough.
static partition<T, E>(results: Result<T, E>[]): [T[], E[]]

Partitions a set of Result, separating the Ok and Err values.

Example:

let results: Result<number, string>[] = [Ok(1), Err('error1'), Ok(2), Err('error2')];

let [numbers, errors] = Result.partition(results); // [ [1, 2], ['error1', 'error2'] ]

`error`

The error contained in Err. Only present on Err objects.

`value`

The value contained in Ok. Only present on Ok objects.

`expect()`

expect(msg: string): T

Returns the contained Ok value, if exists. Throws an error if not.

The thrown error’s cause is set to value contained in Err.

If you know you’re dealing with Ok and the compiler knows it too (because you tested isOk() or isErr()) you should use value instead. While Ok’s expect() and value will both return the same value using value is preferable because it makes it clear that there won’t be an exception thrown on access.

msg: the message to throw if no Ok value.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.expect('goodResult should be a number'); // 1
badResult.expect('badResult should be a number'); // throws Error("badResult should be a number - Error: something went wrong")

`expectErr()`

expectErr(msg: string): E

Returns the contained Err value, if exists. Throws an error if not.

msg: the message to throw if no Err value

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.expectErr('goodResult should not be a number'); // throws Error("goodResult should not be a number")
badResult.expectErr('badResult should not be a number'); // new Error('something went wrong')

`isOk()`

isOk(): this is Ok<T>

true when the result is Ok.

`isErr()`

isErr(): this is Err<E>

true when the result is Err.

`map()`

map<U>(mapper: (val: T) => U): Result<U, E>

Maps a Result<T, E> to Result<U, E> by applying a function to a contained Ok value, leaving an Err value untouched.

This function can be used to compose the results of two functions.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.map((num) => num + 1).unwrap(); // 2
badResult.map((num) => num + 1).unwrap(); // throws Error("something went wrong")

`mapErr()`

mapErr<F>(mapper: (val: E) => F): Result<T, F>

Maps a Result<T, E> to Result<T, F> by applying a function to a contained Err value, leaving an Ok value untouched.

This function can be used to pass through a successful result while handling an error.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult
    .map((num) => num + 1)
    .mapErr((err) => new Error('mapped'))
    .unwrap(); // 2
badResult
    .map((num) => num + 1)
    .mapErr((err) => new Error('mapped'))
    .unwrap(); // throws Error("mapped")

`mapOr()`

mapOr<U>(default_: U, mapper: (val: T) => U): U

Maps a Result<T, E> to Result<U, E> by either converting T to U using mapper (in case of Ok) or using the default_ value (in case of Err).

If default_ is a result of a function call consider using mapOrElse() instead, it will only evaluate the function when needed.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.mapOr(0, (value) => -value) // -1
badResult.mapOr(0, (value) => -value) // 0

`mapOrElse()`

mapOrElse<U>(default_: (error: E) => U, mapper: (val: T) => U): U

Maps a Result<T, E> to Result<U, E> by either converting T to U using mapper (in case of Ok) or producing a default value using the default_ function (in case of Err).

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.mapOrElse((_error) => 0, (value) => -value) // -1
badResult.mapOrElse((_error) => 0, (value) => -value) // 0

`or()`

or<E2>(other: Result<T, E2>): Result<T, E2>

Returns Ok() if we have a value, otherwise returns other.

other is evaluated eagerly. If other is a result of a function call try orElse() instead – it evaluates the parameter lazily.

Example:

Ok(1).or(Ok(2)) // => Ok(1)
Err('error here').or(Ok(2)) // => Ok(2)

`orElse()`

orElse<E2>(other: (error: E) => Result<T, E2>): Result<T, E2>

Returns Ok() if we have a value, otherwise returns the result of calling other().

other() is called only when needed and is passed the error value in a parameter.

Example:

Ok(1).orElse(() => Ok(2)) // => Ok(1)
Err('error').orElse(() => Ok(2)) // => Ok(2)

`stack`

A stack trace is generated when an Err is created.

let error = Err('Uh Oh');
let stack = error.stack;

`toAsyncResult()`

toAsyncResult(): AsyncResult<T, E>

Creates an AsyncResult based on this Result.

Useful when you need to compose results with asynchronous code.

`toOption()`

toOption(): Option<T>

Converts from Result<T, E> to Option<T> , discarding the error if any.

`unwrap()`

unwrap(): T

Returns the contained Ok value. Because this function may throw, its use is generally discouraged. Instead, prefer to handle the Err case explicitly.

If you know you’re dealing with Ok and the compiler knows it too (because you tested isOk() or isErr()) you should use value instead. While Ok’s unwrap() and value will both return the same value using value is preferable because it makes it clear that there won’t be an exception thrown on access.

Throws if the value is an Err, with a message provided by the Err’s value and cause set to the value.

Example:

let goodResult = new Ok(1);
let badResult = new Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.unwrap(); // 1
badResult.unwrap(); // throws Error("something went wrong")

`unwrapErr()`

unwrapErr(): E

Returns the contained Err value. Because this function may throw, its use is generally discouraged. Instead, prefer to handle the Ok case explicitly.

Throws if the value is an Ok, with a message provided by the Ok’s value and cause set to the value.

Example:

let goodResult = new Ok(1);
let badResult = new Err('something went wrong');

goodResult.unwrapErr(); // throws an exception
badResult.unwrapErr(); // returns 'something went wrong'

`unwrapOr()`

unwrapOr<T2>(val: T2): T | T2

Returns the contained Ok value or a provided default.

Example:

let goodResult = Ok(1);
let badResult = Err(new Error('something went wrong'));

goodResult.unwrapOr(5); // 1
badResult.unwrapOr(5); // 5

Result

all()

andThen()

any()

partition()

error

value

expect()

expectErr()

isOk()

isErr()

map()

mapErr()

mapOr()

mapOrElse()

or()

orElse()

stack

toAsyncResult()

toOption()

unwrap()

unwrapErr()

unwrapOr()

`all()`

`andThen()`

`any()`

`partition()`

`error`

`value`

`expect()`

`expectErr()`

`isOk()`

`isErr()`

`map()`

`mapErr()`

`mapOr()`

`mapOrElse()`

`or()`

`orElse()`

`stack`

`toAsyncResult()`

`toOption()`

`unwrap()`

`unwrapErr()`

`unwrapOr()`